Is It Permissible or Forbidden?
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is one of the most significant scientific advancements that has helped millions of couples worldwide overcome infertility issues and achieve their dream of parenthood. However, it raises many questions regarding its legal, ethical, and religious implications. In this article, we will explore the ruling on IUI from the perspective of Islamic law, along with an analysis of the ethical aspects that may provoke debate around this technique, relying on the opinions of scholars and religious institutions.
Note: This article provides general information and does not substitute for consulting specialists in the fields of law and medicine.
1. The Ruling on IUI Between Spouses
If IUI is performed using the husband’s sperm and the wife’s egg, the majority of scholars view it as permissible under strict conditions, including:
- Ensuring that the sperm and eggs come solely from the legitimate spouses.
- Conducting the procedure under the supervision of a reliable medical professional to avoid any mixing of lineage.
- The purpose of the insemination must be to address infertility and achieve conception in accordance with the principles of Sharia.
- It should be the only viable option for conception.
2. The Ruling on IUI Involving a Third Party
Opinions vary on this matter between permissibility and prohibition:
- Prohibition: Most Sunni scholars consider IUI with a third party to be forbidden for several reasons, including the risk of mixing lineage, manipulation of progeny, child rights, and interference in marital relationships.
- Conditional Permissibility: According to many Shia scholars, such as Ayatollah Khamenei and Ayatollah Sistani, the process of fertilizing an egg with sperm from a foreign man in a laboratory and then implanting it in the uterus is not inherently forbidden. However, since this process usually requires exposure of private parts, that aspect is prohibited unless there is necessity.
Some scholars, like Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi, believe that the only way to use sperm from a foreign man is if the husband divorces his wife, and after her waiting period (iddah), she marries the foreign man with a temporary contract, then the sperm can be obtained and mixed with her egg during that temporary contract. Afterward, the temporary contract is dissolved, and the permanent contract with the first husband is renewed, followed by implanting the fertilized egg in the woman’s uterus.
3. The Ruling on Embryo Donation
Some doctors may suggest freezing embryos resulting from IUI for later use or even donating them to other couples. Scholars also differ on this topic; some consider this type of donation to be forbidden, while others approve it.
Conclusion
The ruling on IUI is a complex issue that requires careful consideration and consultation with knowledgeable individuals. Couples wishing to resort to this technique should consult a religious authority and weigh the religious, medical, and ethical considerations before making a final decision.
Iran is among the advanced countries in the field of infertility treatment, offering modern technologies and advanced treatment methods based on the best global standards. Moreover, Iran allows the use of egg and embryo donation, unlike most Arab countries. For more information, click the following link: Infertility Treatment in Iran.
Sources
- Egyptian Fatwa House
- Islamic Fiqh Council
- Scientific Research
